I
like having an alcoholic drink every evening—either wine or a cocktail. For
some reason, I am unable to consume more than one drink. It just doesn’t
appeal. For this reason, I’ve never been concerned about my alcohol
consumption. But lately, new reports are emerging about alcohol’s deleterious
effects—even the small amounts I drink.
In
the past, researchers have argued that modest drinking (up to 14 drinks a week)
protects the heart. This conclusion was based on the fact that moderate
drinkers have less heart disease than those who drink heavily or those who
abstain. Now, however, they conclude that light to moderate drinkers tend to
have characteristics that decrease their risk, such as smoking less, exercising
more, and weighing less.
The
latest research, as reported in the JAMA Network Open, says all drinking confers the risk of heart disease. This conclusion comes from the analysis of data collected in the U.K. Biobank, a
repository that holds genetic and medical data of nearly 400,000 people. According to this
research, the health risk is small if you have an average of seven drinks a week. (Whew!
That’s my average.) Actual risk depends on whether you have other conditions, such as diabetes or obesity.
In general, however, their data showed that a typical middle-aged person who
did not drink had an estimated 9 percent chance of having coronary heart
disease, while a person who had one drink a day had an estimated 10.5 percent
chance—a small increase. However, after that amount, the risk increases quickly. In Canada, new guidelines conclude that you shouldn’t drink more than two drinks a week. Every drink over six a week, they say, causes a dramatic escalation in disease risk.
Other
studies report that alcohol consumption increases the risk of atrial
fibrillation, brain shrinkage, breast cancer, liver disease, and mental
disorders. As to brain shrinkage, one journal concludes: "The brain tends to shrink physiologically with age. Heavy alcohol consumption seems to exaggerate this shrinkage...Fortunately, alcoholic brain damage is known to be, at least in part, reversible." Death is not. In the U.S., deaths caused by drinking exceeds 140,000 a year.
In
these studies, researchers consider a standard drink to be 3.4 ounces of wine, 12
ounces of beer (3.5% alcohol), or one ounce of spirits that is 40% alcohol by
volume. Based on these rather miniscule amounts, my weekly average is probably
more than one drink a day. Four ounces of wine is only half a cup! I’m going to
have to think about this, although, for me, it’s rather late in the game.
For an introduction to this blog, see I Just Say No; for a list of blog topics, click the Topics tab.